Liquid air demonstrations: by John Sloan

              1928
LIQUID AIR
Demonstrations
by JOHN SLOAN
M. A. DUKE UNIVERSITY
A former Science Instructor who is specializing in presenting this program to high school and college students.  Eight years have been devoted to research and extensive experimentation with Liquid Air, resulting in many new and spectacular experiments.


EXHALING LIQUID AIR


More than eighteen hundred demonstrations have been presented in thirty-nine states, three hundred of which have been return engagements

Address: John Sloan, Little Mountain, S. C.




Driving Nails With Frozen Banana


Dewar Flask Containing 2 Lbs. of Liquid Air


Mercury Hammer

Same Wandeis of LIQUID AIR
Liquid air has a pale blue color, weighs almost as much as water and has a low temperature of 312 degrees F. below zero!  It is liquefied by subjecting air like we breathe to a high pressure and then lowering its temperature.

It is possible to perform a number of strange and fascinating experiments with liquid air as ordinary materials manifest peculiar properties when cooled to this low temperature.  For example, if a rubber ball is immersed in liquid air and dropped on the floor, it breaks into many pieces as if made of glass.  In the same way a piece of meat, grapes, or any substance containing water becomes as hard as iron and very brittle.  Liquid air will freeze a banana so hard it can be used to drive nails into a plank.  Even alcohol, a liquid which was once thought impossible to congeal, freezes solid in liquid air.  Other novel experiments: Frying egg on ice, lead bell, kerosene candle.

Liquid air expands approximately 850 times its volume when it changes into a gas.  Several experiments serve to illustrate its expansive force.  If a toy balloon is connected to a test tube of liquid air it will be quickly inflated, or if some is poured into a steam engine it will run at a high rate of speed.

The nitrogen in liquid air is more volatile than the other gases and evaporates first, leaving practically pure liquid oxygen.  By taking advantage of this fact many spectacular combustion experiments can be performed.  Steel wire burns fiercely in this liquid and fuses into small pellets; which means that an operation requiring 3000 degrees Fahrenheit has been accomplished in a liquid more than 300 degrees below zero!  When aluminum powder is mixed with this liquid and ignited it will burn with dazzling brilliance, producing such an intense heat that even the iron dish will be burned.

Many other experiments with liquid air will be performed in addition to those mentioned above, all of which will surprise, amuse and amaze you!


Liquid Air Boils on Ice



Soap Bubble Freezes When Held Above Liquid Air



Test Tube of Evaporating Air Plays Clarinet




Explosive properties of liquid air demonstrated by shooting gun



A LEAD SPRING Liquid air will cause lead to become like steel



LABORATORY EQUIPMENT USED IN PRESENTING LIQUID AIR DEMONSTRATION.  LIQUID AIR IS TRANSPORTED IN THE HIGH-VACUUM CONTAINERS.





Comments from High School Principals
CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL Syracuse, New York

More than two thousand of our students were entertained and instructed by this spectacular program.  I wouldn't hesitate to recommend Mr. Sloan's Liquid Air demonstrations to anyone.

DIRECTOR OF SCIENCE CLASSEN HIGH SCHOOL Oklahoma City, Oklahoma

I have seen numerous scientific demonstrations but none more entertaining and educational than the one you favored us.

ROBERT E. LEE HIGH SCHOOL Jacksonville, Florida

We booked Mr. Sloan for the second time as his Liquid Air program was one of the best educational entertainments we have ever had in our school.

OLEY JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL Huntington, West Virginia

A very unique program.  Highly entertaining and instructive.

PITTSFIELD HIGH SCHOOL Pittsfield, Massachusetts

Today Mr. Sloan presented his program to more than 2500 enthusiastic students.  The demonstrations were so entertaining and instructive that they can be recommended to any school.

The following are a few of the Colleges and Universities where the demonstrations have been enthusiastically received:

Arkansas Teachers' College
Clemson College
Connecticut State University
Teachers' Colleges of Pennsylvania (4)
Emory University
Vanderbilt University
Georgia State College for Women
Randolph-Macon Woman's College
University of Miami
Fairmont (W. Va.) Teachers' College
University of Richmond
University of Mississippi
Louisiana Tech.
Winthrop, The South Carolina Woman's College
Keene (N. H.) Normal School
Connecticut Teachers' College
University of South Carolina
University of Florida
Hamden-Sydney
Radford, Va., State Teachers' College
Middlebury College
Baylor University
Southwest Texas State Teachers' College
University of Georgia
Kansas State Teachers' College
Furman University
West Virginia Wesleyan University
Southwestern University
Georgia Tech
Westminster College
North Texas State Teachers College


This Program has been presented in Schools of the following cities:

Allentown, Pa.
Ann Arbor, Mich.
Amarillo, Texas
Amsterdam, N. Y.
Atlanta, Ga.
Augusta, Ga.
Augusta, Maine
Austin, Texas
Barre, Vt.
Birmingham, Ala.
Bridgeport, Conn.
Canton, Ohio
Clarksburg, W. Va.
Charleston, W. Va.
Charlotte, N. C.
Claremore, Okla.
Claremont, N. H.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Cleveland, Ohio
Columbia, S. C.
Columbus, Ohio
Corpus Christi, Texas
Crowley, La.
Cumberland, Md.
Dover, N. H.
Des Moines, Iowa
Easton, Pa.
Elgin, Ill.
Englewood, N. J.
Fairmont, W. Va.
Flint, Mich.
Fort Wayne, Ind.
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Great Bend, Kan.
Hartford, Conn.
Harlan, Ky.
Hagerstown, Md.
High Point, N. C.
Hot Springs, Ark.
Houston, Texas
Jackson, Miss.
Jacksonville, Fla.
Joliet, Ill.
Keokuk, Iowa
Lansing, Mich.
Luverne, Minn.
Little Rock, Ark.
Lynchburg, Va.
Mansfield, Ohio
Madison, Wis.
Manhattan, Kan.
Milwaukee, Wis.
Montgomery, Ala.
Meridian, Miss.
Montpelier, Vt.
Nashville, Tenn.
Northampton, Mass.
New Haven, Conn.
New Port News, Va.
Newark, Ohio
New Rochelle, N. Y.
Oklahoma City, Okla.
Ottumwa, Iowa
Pawtucket, R. I.
Peoria, Ill.
Port Arthur, Texas
Poplar Bluff, Mo.
Portland, Me.
Pittsfield, Mass.
Paterson, N. J.
Providence, R. I.
Raleigh, N. C.
Rockford, Ill.
Rochester, N. Y.
Rockville Centre, N. Y.
Rutland, Vt.
Roanoke, Va.
Santa Fe, N. M.
San Antonia, Texas
Saginaw, Mich.
Sioux Falls, S. D.
South Bend, Ind.
Scranton, Pa.
Sterling, Colo.
St. Joseph, Mo.
Sidney, Nebr.
Syracuse, N. Y.
Tuscaloosa, Ala.
Toledo, Ohio
Troy, N. Y.
Utica, N. Y.
White Plains, N. Y.
Wichita Falls, Texas
Wilkes Barre, Pa.
Wilmington, Del.
Winston-Salem, N. C.
Valley Stream, L. I., N. Y.
Yonkers, N. Y.
York, Pa.